A pathology, which is the doctrine of abnormal painful processes in the body, studies not only the manifestation of diseases, but also their causes, course, outcome, as well as those painful changes that the disease produces in the body.
Incorrect laying the bases and foundations of structures, causing certain deformations in them, sometimes even threatening their stability, can be considered as a disease of the structure. From this point of view, methods of combating undesirable deformations in structures should have a great similarity with pathology methods applied in medicine to a sick living organism.
We are also interested in not only the deformations themselves, but also the reasons that caused them. To protect the structure from destruction, it is necessary to study changes in deformations over time, to anticipate their outcome and take measures in advance to terminate them and to correct the damage caused by their construction.
Prof. Terzagi, studying pathological phenomena observed in structures with improperly foundations and foundations, reduces them to the next four main groups:
1) excessive or uneven precipitation;
2) the sliding of the structure due to overcoming friction on the surface of the base;
3) the subsequent precipitation of the structure due to changes in the state of the soil in the base;
4) the collapse of the structure due to the destruction of the body of the base. The causes of these phenomena should be sought as in errors made
When designing both during construction work, and in insufficient supervision of the construction during its exploitation.
On the analysis of these pathological factors, we will dwell in the future.
Errors made during design, and their consequences.
