Even when performing work on the laying of foundations, and then, on the device of drainage, fears arose relatively harmful effects on the solution in the laying of chemical impurities contained in the groundwater. The water had a green color, the instruments quickly rusted the well in the absorption of the well, were completely impudent for a month and scattered into powder. In view of this, a chemical analysis of water was carried out, which determined the presence in the drink of cramped salts with a predominance of copper sulfate and aluminum sulfate. Samples from cement mortar were made on this water and exposed to ordinary water; No changes were found in the samples or in water, as a result of which it came to the conclusion that polluted waters would not have harmful effects on masonry. Observations of the action of groundwater on the solution continued during the construction of the foundations, but they did not give anything new. A month after the drainage device, some lightening was set up from it, which indicated a decrease in its acidity, however, observation of the state of foundations was resumed.
A year and a half after laying the foundations in the underground part of the second building, the following phenomena were discovered. Concrete preparation under the floor of the glacier in the basement, which was exposed to acid water immediately after its installation had a liquid consistency with strong coloring with a copper case. The concrete slab of the foundation, examined in the same place, did not lose its strength, but 3 cm deeper was saturated with copper sulfate. A solution of the proprietary laying of the foundation in those parts through which groundwater seeped, also did not grab and was in some places a thick moist mass, in some places the cervical comments. The concrete preparation of the floor in the remaining parts of the basement has hard enough, but still had some humidity. The cement glowed floor in the basement had a rough surface and the clatter-rolled crust was partially dumped. In this way, it was found that these contaminated waters in a calm state or do not have a harmful effect on the cement mortar or this effect is slightly and does not weaken it; If they flow, they weaken the planter, especially during the period of its setting and hardening, and destructively act on the metal parts.
Assumption of destruction of the foundations of organic materials in the body with rotting or undermining with beetles and worms. This applies mainly to pile bases and wooden grillages and is mostly connected with oversight for lowering the level of groundwater caused by the device near the sewage system or draining the area adjacent to this construction. The consequences are uneven precipitation of the structure with the formation in the walls of cracks, sometimes threatening its stability.
When examining the foundations of the Grand Hotel in Moscow, due to several floors, the piles and tops of the piles on which he rested, in places were rotten, as it turned out to be higher than the groundwater level. The latter decreased due to the drainage properties of the sewage system and the Neglinka River flowing not far away. No deformations in the Grand Hotel building were found, but their formation was not excluded if measures are not taken to strengthen the foundation.
